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Chemotherapy-induced Vascular Toxicity - Real-time In vivo Imaging of Vessel Impairment
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[Renal toxicity of antineoplasic agents]

Hugo Garcia1, Cécile Teuma1, Eva Languille2

  • 1"Service de néphrologie, groupe hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles-Foix, Paris, France".

La Revue Du Praticien
|June 23, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Antineoplastic agents can cause kidney damage (nephrotoxicity), impacting cancer treatment outcomes. Early detection and prevention are crucial for managing cancer patients and preserving kidney function.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Renal toxicity is a frequent complication of antineoplastic (cancer-fighting) drug therapy.
  • The incidence and severity of nephrotoxicity are influenced by the specific drugs used and the patient's existing health conditions (comorbidities).
  • Nephrotoxicity presents with varied mechanisms, timelines, and potential for recovery, encompassing acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and urinary abnormalities like proteinuria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of renal toxicity associated with antineoplastic agents.
  • To underscore the impact of nephrotoxicity on cancer treatment efficacy and patient prognosis.
  • To emphasize the importance of prevention and early diagnosis of kidney damage in cancer care.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on antineoplastic agent-induced nephrotoxicity.
  • Analysis of clinical features, mechanisms, and reversibility of kidney injury.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and preventive strategies.

Main Results:

  • Antineoplastic agent-induced renal toxicity is a common and significant clinical issue.
  • Kidney damage can manifest as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and proteinuria.
  • Nephrotoxicity can compromise patient survival and necessitate treatment cessation, affecting cancer mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of cancer patients requires vigilant monitoring for renal toxicity.
  • Preventive measures and prompt diagnosis are essential for optimizing patient care and outcomes.
  • Addressing nephrotoxicity is critical to avoid compromising cancer treatment and patient prognosis.
Keywords:
Antineoplastic AgentsDrug-Related Side Effects and Adverse ReactionsRenal Insufficiency

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