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Investigating Tumor Heterogeneity in Mouse Models.

Tuomas Tammela1, Julien Sage2

  • 1Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Annual Review of Cancer Biology
|June 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Understanding tumor heterogeneity, the diversity of cancer cells, is key to developing effective cancer treatments. Mouse models offer a way to study this complexity and improve therapeutic strategies for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
cancer stem cellsepigeneticsgeneticsmouse modelstumor heterogeneitytumor microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Tumors develop from single cells via mutations and epigenetic changes.
  • Tumors are complex tissues with diverse cancer and non-cancer cells (tumor microenvironment).
  • Cellular diversity drives tumor progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for therapeutically manipulating tumor heterogeneity.
  • To highlight the challenges in studying tumor heterogeneity in patients.
  • To explore the utility of mouse models in understanding and targeting tumor heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on tumor heterogeneity.
  • Analysis of how mouse models can be used to functionally investigate tumor heterogeneity.
  • Discussion of therapeutic implications derived from mouse model studies.

Main Results:

  • Tumor heterogeneity arises from intrinsic and extrinsic cellular factors.
  • Studying heterogeneity is crucial for overcoming treatment resistance.
  • Mouse models provide a tractable system for interrogating tumor heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic manipulation of tumor heterogeneity is clinically significant.
  • Mouse models are essential tools for advancing our understanding of tumor heterogeneity.
  • Leveraging mouse models can lead to improved cancer treatment strategies.