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Nanotopography-Modulated Epithelial Cell Collective Migration.

Zaozao Chen1, Qiwei Li1, Shihui Xu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.

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Epithelial cell collective migration is enhanced by nanogratings oriented perpendicular to wound healing. This nanotopography effect depends on adhesion turnover and lamellipodia protrusion, involving specific protein kinase activities.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Biomaterials science
  • Tissue engineering

Background:

  • Matrix nanotopography influences single cell behavior, but its effect on collective cell migration, like in epithelial wound healing, is poorly understood.
  • Understanding nanotopography's role in collective migration is crucial for regenerative medicine and biomaterial design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how nanograting topography affects collective epithelial cell migration during wound healing.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, including adhesion dynamics and cytoskeletal regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of nanogratings with varying orientations relative to a wound-healing axis.
  • Live-cell imaging to observe collective epithelial cell migration dynamics.
  • Pharmacological inhibition of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) and Rac1-GTPase to assess their roles.

Main Results:

  • Collective epithelial cell migration was significantly promoted on nanogratings perpendicular to the wound-healing axis.
  • Migration was not enhanced on nanogratings parallel to the wound-healing axis.
  • Nanograting-modulated migration involved Rho-associated protein kinase-dependent adhesion turnover and Rac1-GTPase-dependent lamellipodia protrusion.

Conclusions:

  • The orientation of matrix nanotopography critically influences collective epithelial cell migration.
  • Specific molecular pathways, including ROCK and Rac1 signaling, mediate the response to nanotopography.
  • These findings highlight the cell-type specificity and complex mechanisms underlying nanotopography's effect on cell migration.