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Prevalence of Aortic Valve Stenosis in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Effect on

Gurpreet K Singh1, Pieter van der Bijl1, Laurien Goedemans1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

The American Journal of Cardiology
|June 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is present in nearly 3% of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and is linked to increased long-term mortality risk. Early detection of AS in STEMI patients is crucial for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • These risk factors are common in patients experiencing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of aortic valve stenosis (AS) in patients presenting with STEMI.
  • To assess the prognostic impact of AS on all-cause mortality in this patient group.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 2041 STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention was analyzed.
  • Echocardiography was used to diagnose AS (aortic valve area ≤2.0 cm²).
  • Patients were categorized into groups based on AS presence, sclerosis, or normal aortic valves.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of AS was 2.7% overall, increasing significantly with age.
  • Patients with AS exhibited a higher mortality rate compared to other groups (p < 0.001).
  • AS was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 1.81, p = 0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Aortic valve stenosis is a relevant comorbidity in patients with first STEMI.
  • Concomitant AS independently predicts long-term all-cause mortality in STEMI patients.

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