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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
CRISPR and crRNAs02:53

CRISPR and crRNAs

Bacteria and archaea are susceptible to viral infections just like eukaryotes; therefore, they have developed a unique adaptive immune system to protect themselves. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated proteins (CRISPR-Cas) are present in more than 45% of known bacteria and 90% of known archaea.
The CRISPR-Cas system stores a copy of foreign DNA in the host genome and uses it to identify the foreign DNA upon reinfection. CRISPR-Cas has three different...
CRISPR01:59

CRISPR

Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short...
CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing01:28

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing

The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 24, 2026

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
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Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms

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Methods for in vitro CRISPR/CasRx-Mediated RNA Editing.

Yu-Fan Chuang1,2, Peng-Yuan Wang1, Satheesh Kumar2

  • 1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|June 28, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study details in vitro methods for RNA editing using CasRx, a precise CRISPR/Cas tool. Researchers determined RNA editing efficiencies with various guide RNAs (gRNA) for this promising therapeutic platform.

Keywords:
AAV (Adeno-associated virus)CRISPR/Cas13dCasRxRNA editingVEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor)

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Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas
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CRISPR/Cas9 Editing of the C. elegans rbm-3.2 Gene using the dpy-10 Co-CRISPR Screening Marker and Assembled Ribonucleoprotein Complexes.
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Last Updated: Jul 24, 2026

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Genome Editing in Mammalian Cell Lines using CRISPR-Cas
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Published on: December 11, 2020

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Gene Editing Technologies
  • RNA Therapeutics

Background:

  • The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) system is a revolutionary gene-editing tool.
  • Programmable RNA editing CRISPR/Cas nucleases offer enhanced safety and precision.
  • CasRx, a Cas13d family member, demonstrates significant therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe in vitro methods for utilizing the CasRx RNA editing platform.
  • To determine RNA editing efficiencies of CasRx with different guide RNA (gRNA) forms.

Main Methods:

  • Establishment of in vitro systems for CasRx RNA editing.
  • Evaluation of RNA editing efficiencies using various guide RNA (gRNA/sgRNA) designs.
  • Characterization of CasRx activity and specificity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of effective RNA editing capabilities of CasRx in vitro.
  • Quantification of RNA editing efficiencies across different gRNA configurations.
  • Identification of optimal gRNA forms for enhanced CasRx performance.

Conclusions:

  • CasRx is a powerful and precise RNA editing tool with therapeutic promise.
  • Specific guide RNA (gRNA) designs can modulate and optimize CasRx editing efficiency.
  • The described in vitro methods provide a foundation for further development of RNA editing therapeutics.