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A 12 Years Neonatal Mortality Rate and Its Predictors in Eastern Ethiopia

Merga Dheresa1, Gamachis Daraje2

  • 1Haramaya University, Haramaya, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Global Pediatric Health
|June 28, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Neonatal mortality in Eastern Ethiopia remains high, with a rate of 20.3 per 1000 live births. Key risk factors include rural birth, lack of antenatal care, low birthweight, and preterm birth.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Neonatal survival is critical for poverty reduction, but mortality rates vary significantly by location.
  • Understanding neonatal mortality trends and determinants is essential for targeted interventions in Eastern Ethiopia.
  • Existing data on neonatal mortality in the study area is limited, necessitating further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the annual neonatal mortality rate in Eastern Ethiopia from 2008 to 2019.
  • To identify factors associated with neonatal mortality through a pregnancy observation cohort study.
  • To provide evidence for improving neonatal survival strategies in the region.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study was conducted using data from the Kersa Health Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) in Eastern Ethiopia.
  • Data included 38,541 live births and 776 neonatal deaths between January 1, 2008, and December 30, 2019.
  • Cox proportional regression models were employed to analyze predictors of neonatal mortality.

Main Results:

  • The cumulative average neonatal mortality rate was 20.3 per 1000 live births, showing a declining trend (β = -1.60).
  • Significant risk factors for neonatal death included birth in rural Kersa (AHR = 5.31), lack of antenatal care (AHR = 1.43), low birthweight (AHR = 2.59), and preterm birth (AHR = 12.10).

Conclusions:

  • Neonatal mortality in the study area significantly exceeds national and global targets.
  • Interventions should focus on addressing rural disparities, promoting antenatal care, and managing low birthweight and preterm births.
  • Further efforts are needed to improve neonatal survival rates in Eastern Ethiopia.

Keywords:
EthiopiaKersa HDSSneonatal mortality

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