Preoperative antisepsis in ophthalmic surgery (a review)

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Infectious Disease Prevention

Background:

• Endophthalmitis is a severe complication following intraocular surgery.
• Prophylactic measures are essential to reduce patient morbidity.
• Ocular antisepsis is a standard preoperative care protocol.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review preoperative measures for ocular antisepsis.
• To highlight methods for decreasing the risk of endophthalmitis.
• To discuss the efficacy of various antiseptic agents.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on ocular antisepsis.
• Analysis of preoperative prophylactic strategies.
• Evaluation of antiseptic agents like povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine.

Main Results:

• Povidone-iodine is highly effective in reducing ocular surface bacteria.
• Topical antibiotics and chlorhexidine (for iodine allergy) are also supported.
• 5% povidone-iodine application in the conjunctival fornix is recommended pre-surgery.

Conclusions:

• Preoperative ocular antisepsis is vital for preventing endophthalmitis.
• Povidone-iodine demonstrates significant efficacy in reducing bacterial load.
• Adherence to recommended antiseptic protocols improves surgical outcomes.