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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 31, 2025

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Neonatal Mastitis and Concurrent Serious Bacterial Infection.

Ron L Kaplan¹, Andrea T Cruz², Kenneth A Michelson³

¹Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Washington and Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Washington ron.kaplan@seattlechildrens.org.

|June 30, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal mastitis typically presents as mild, localized disease. Serious bacterial infections (SBI) and adverse outcomes are rare, suggesting SBI evaluation may be unnecessary for well-appearing, afebrile infants.

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Neonatology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Neonatal mastitis is a condition affecting infants, with potential for concurrent serious bacterial infections (SBI).
Understanding the clinical presentation, prevalence, and outcomes of SBI in infants with mastitis is crucial for appropriate management.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the clinical presentation, prevalence, and outcomes of concurrent serious bacterial infection (SBI) among infants diagnosed with mastitis.
To determine if routine evaluation for SBI is necessary in infants presenting with mastitis.

Main Methods:

A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 28 sites.
Records of infants aged ≤90 days with mastitis seen in the emergency department between January 2008 and December 2017 were reviewed.
Demographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were collected and summarized.

Main Results:

Among 657 infants, 98% were well-appearing. Pathogen growth was rare in blood (0.3%), urine (1.1%), and cerebrospinal fluid (0.4%) cultures.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen (54%) in cultures from the site of infection.
Serious bacterial infections (sepsis, shock, severe cellulitis) occurred in 1.5% of infants, with no deaths.

Conclusions:

Neonatal mastitis is typically a mild, localized condition.
Serious bacterial infections and adverse outcomes are infrequent in infants with mastitis.
Routine evaluation for SBI may not be necessary for afebrile, well-appearing infants with mastitis.