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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
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A New Natural Defense Against Airborne Pathogens.

David Edwards1,2, Anthony Hickey3,4, Richard Batycky5

  • 1Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge MA, USA.

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Nasal saline enriched with calcium salts reduces exhaled particles, a key factor in disease spread. This hygienic intervention shows promise in blocking airborne transmission and complementing existing public health measures.

Keywords:
AerosolsCovid-19Exhaled ParticlesHygieneNasal DeliverySaline

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory hygiene
  • Infectious disease transmission
  • Aerosol science

Background:

  • COVID-19 spread necessitates novel hygienic interventions.
  • Conventional masks fail to filter smaller exhaled particles.
  • The upper airways are a significant source of bioaerosol generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate nasal administration of calcium-enriched physiological salts as a hygienic intervention.
  • To assess the effectiveness of this intervention against viral and bacterial pathogens.
  • To determine the impact on exhaled particle emission in humans and disease transmission in animal models.

Main Methods:

  • Testing calcium-rich saline aerosol efficacy against pathogens in animal and human studies.
  • Measuring exhaled particle reduction in human volunteers after nasal saline delivery.
  • Utilizing an influenza swine model to assess airborne transmission blocking.

Main Results:

  • Aerosolized calcium-saline diminished exhaled particles in humans within 15 minutes, lasting up to 6 hours.
  • Complete airborne transmission blocking was observed in the influenza swine model.
  • The effect was most pronounced (99% suppression) in individuals with high particle exhalation, often correlated with advanced age.

Conclusions:

  • Nasal administration of calcium-rich saline is a promising hygienic intervention to reduce exhaled particles.
  • This method can complement existing measures like handwashing, mask-wearing, and social distancing.
  • Further research into therapeutic applications and widespread adoption is warranted.