Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 31, 2025
Video Movement Analysis Using Smartphones ViMAS: A Pilot Study
Published on: March 14, 2017
Usability and Reliability of the Edinburgh Visual Gait Score in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy Using Smartphone
Alaric Aroojis1, Bhushan Sagade1, Suresh Chand1
1Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012 India.
Background:
The Edinburgh Visual Gait Score (EVGS) is a comprehensive measure of gait abnormalities in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and has good psychometric properties. However, it is cumbersome to administer and requires multiple devices to record and measure its various components. We conducted this study to determine if a smartphone video protocol could be used to improve the usability and reliability of the EVGS for daily use in a clinic setting.
Methods:
We used a handheld smartphone camera with slow-motion video technology and a motion analysis application to record and measure the EVGS of 30 ambulatory children with spastic CP. We tested the inter- and intra-rater reliability of various components of the EVGS between two observers.
Results:
Average age was 7 years 3 months (range 4-14 years). The mean (range) EVGS scores for the trunk, pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, and foot were 1.18 (0-3), 0.68 (0-3), 1.1 (0-4), 3.95 (1.5-7.5), 1.87 (0-4) and 4.13 (2-6.5) respectively. Total score was 12.92 (7-21.5). The mean (SD) scores for Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels II and III were 10.73 (3.86) and 14.96 (4.2) (p < 0.001). The intra-observer and inter-observer reliability using percentage of complete agreement was 65-98.3% and 61.7-92.5% respectively, with kappa values ranging from 0.15 to 0.87. Reliability was more for distal limb segments as compared to proximal segments.
Conclusion:
We have described a simple and reliable method for quantitative OGA of children with CP, using smartphone video technology and motion analysis application, which can be performed by every clinician in an office setting.
Level Of Evidence:
Level III.
