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Two-dimensional (2D) microscopy encompasses a range of optical techniques that capture images within a single focal plane, offering detailed representations of microscopic structures. These techniques are essential in biological and medical research, enabling the visualization of cellular and subcellular structures with different levels of contrast and specificity.There are several major types of 2D microscopy, each with strengths and applications.Bright-Field MicroscopyBright-field microscopy...
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Updated: Oct 31, 2025

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Fluorescence imaging of pathophysiological microenvironments.

Shan Wang1, Wen Xiu Ren, Ji-Ting Hou

  • 1Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China. houjiting2206@163.com.

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Abnormal microenvironments are linked to diseases like cancer. Fluorescence imaging offers a promising method for monitoring these changes, aiding clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Chemical Biology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Abnormal cellular microenvironments (viscosity, pH, polarity) are implicated in diseases like inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cancer.
  • Traditional diagnostic methods (MRI, CT, PET) cannot effectively monitor these dynamic microenvironmental changes.
  • Understanding microenvironmental variations is crucial for effective clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in fluorescent probes for visualizing pathophysiological microenvironments.
  • To discuss the state-of-the-art progress in fluorescent probe development since 2016.
  • To explore future perspectives in the field of microenvironment monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on fluorescent probes for viscosity, pH, and polarity.
  • Analysis of studies published since 2016.
  • Discussion of the advantages of fluorescence imaging over traditional techniques.

Main Results:

  • Fluorescence imaging demonstrates significant potential for real-time monitoring of microenvironmental parameters.
  • Recent progress has yielded novel fluorescent probes with enhanced sensitivity and specificity.
  • These probes enable visualization of microenvironmental changes associated with various pathophysiological conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Fluorescent probes are invaluable tools for understanding disease-related microenvironmental alterations.
  • Continued development of advanced fluorescent probes is essential for improving clinical diagnostics and therapeutic strategies.
  • This field holds significant promise for future breakthroughs in precision medicine.