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Sex Differences in Spatial Memory: Comparison of Three Tasks Using the Same Virtual Context.

Laura Tascón¹, Carmen Di Cicco², Laura Piccardi^3,4

¹Department of Psychology, University of Cordoba, 14071 Cordoba, Spain.

|July 2, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Men and women showed different spatial memory performance based on task difficulty and context familiarity. Familiarity with the spatial context reduced errors for all participants in spatial memory tasks.

Keywords:

cognitive load dimorphism sex differences spatial navigation spatial orientation spatial tests virtual reality

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Area of Science:

Cognitive psychology
Neuroscience
Human behavior

Background:

Spatial memory assessment varies, influencing cognitive load and results.
Understanding sex differences in spatial memory requires considering task demands.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate sex-based performance differences in three distinct spatial memory tasks.
To analyze the impact of cognitive load and spatial context familiarity on spatial memory.

Main Methods:

287 undergraduates completed the Walking Space Boxes Room Task (WSBRT), Almeria Spatial Memory Recognition Test (ASMRT), or Non-Walking Space Boxes Room Task (NWSBRT).
Performance metrics included time, errors, and correct answers.
Tasks shared a spatial context but differed in cognitive demands.

Main Results:

Men outperformed women in speed and optimal performance on WSBRT and ASMRT.
Familiarity with the spatial context consistently reduced errors across all tasks.
Task difficulty, participant role (active/passive), and visual information influenced outcomes.

Conclusions:

Sex differences in spatial memory are moderated by context familiarity and task difficulty.
Active participation and reduced visual information may impact performance.
Task design is crucial for interpreting sex-based spatial memory differences.