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Updated: Oct 30, 2025

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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A LoRa-Based Mesh Network for Peer-to-Peer Long-Range Communication.

Riccardo Berto1, Paolo Napoletano1, Marco Savi1

  • 1Department of Computer Science, Systems and Communications, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a LoRa-based mesh network, eliminating gateways for peer-to-peer communication. This approach extends node reachability using multi-hop communication in Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

Keywords:
LoRaad hoc networksmesh networkingpeer-to-peer networking

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless Communication Technologies
  • Internet of Things (IoT)
  • Network Topologies

Background:

  • LoRa is a radio technology for long-range, low-power communication, foundational for IoT.
  • LoRaWAN, built upon LoRa, uses a star topology with gateways central to data forwarding.
  • Gateway-centric architectures may not suit all IoT scenarios, necessitating alternative network designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of a LoRa-based mesh network without traditional gateways.
  • To enable peer-to-peer communication and extend node reachability via multi-hop networking.
  • To present a preliminary assessment of a novel, gateway-less LoRa network.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a hardware/software prototype utilizing low-power devices.
  • Implementation of a mesh network protocol leveraging LoRa's physical layer capabilities.
  • Multi-hop communication strategies to extend network range and connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of a functional LoRa-based mesh network prototype.
  • Validation of peer-to-peer communication without intermediate gateways.
  • Preliminary assessment of extended node reachability through multi-hop data forwarding.

Conclusions:

  • A LoRa-based mesh network is a viable alternative to LoRaWAN for specific IoT applications.
  • Gateway-less architectures can enhance flexibility and potentially reduce infrastructure costs.
  • Further research is warranted to optimize performance and scalability of multi-hop LoRa mesh networks.