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Gas Monitoring in Human Frontal Sinuses-Stability Considerations and Gas Exchange Studies.

Han Zhang1,2, Ning Han1,2, Yueyu Lin1,2

  • 1National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy (GASMAS) shows promise for diagnosing acute rhinosinusitis by assessing sinus ventilation. This technique offers reliable oxygen measurements, aiding in appropriate treatment and combating antibiotic resistance.

Keywords:
GASMASfrontal sinuseslaser spectroscopyoptical diagnosticsrhinosinusitis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Diagnostics
  • Spectroscopy
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Acute rhinosinusitis is frequently viral, yet antibiotics are overprescribed, fueling antibiotic resistance.
  • Lack of diagnostic tools hinders accurate differentiation between viral and bacterial sinusitis.
  • Sinus ventilation is crucial for infection clearance, but its assessment is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate Gas in Scattering Media Absorption Spectroscopy (GASMAS) for diagnosing frontal sinus ventilation.
  • To assess signal stability, reproducibility, and accuracy of oxygen concentration determination using GASMAS.
  • To objectively demonstrate the effect of decongestants on sinus gas transport.

Main Methods:

  • GASMAS was employed to measure oxygen concentration and water vapor in volunteers' frontal sinuses.
  • Measurements were taken under natural conditions and after decongestant administration.
  • A novel approach utilized 818 nm for water vapor normalization, closer to the 760 nm oxygen band.

Main Results:

  • Oxygen concentration measurements showed high agreement (within 0.3%) between left and right frontal sinuses.
  • A geometrical asymmetry parameter remained stable (within 10%), indicating reliable anatomical assessment.
  • The study objectively demonstrated the physiological effects of decongestant nasal spray for the first time.

Conclusions:

  • GASMAS is a stable, reproducible, and accurate method for assessing frontal sinus ventilation and oxygen levels.
  • This technique can provide objective data to guide clinical decisions, potentially reducing unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions for acute rhinosinusitis.
  • GASMAS offers a novel tool for evaluating the efficacy of treatments like decongestants.