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A Cumulative Framework for Identifying Overburdened Populations under the Toxic Substances Control Act: Formaldehyde

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Summary

This study presents a geospatial method for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to incorporate cumulative risk assessments. This approach aims to identify and protect disproportionately burdened communities from toxic chemical exposures and reduce environmental health inequities.

Keywords:
community vulnerabilitycumulative exposurescumulative riskenvironmental justiceenvironmental policyhazardous chemicalsmultiple burdenspollutiontoxic chemicals

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Public Health
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Communities of color, low-income, and Indigenous populations face disproportionately higher environmental and health hazards.
  • These communities often have reduced access to healthcare, healthy food, and education.
  • Existing chemical evaluations rarely incorporate these cumulative social and environmental exposure factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a process for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to integrate cumulative approaches into chemical risk assessments.
  • To identify potentially exposed and susceptible subpopulations.
  • To inform risk estimates and mitigation strategies for disproportionately burdened populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized publicly available data.
  • Employed simple geospatial techniques.
  • Developed a process for cumulative risk assessment under the Toxic Substances Control Act.

Main Results:

  • The proposed process can be used by the USEPA to incorporate cumulative factors into risk assessments.
  • This method aids in identifying populations most vulnerable to toxic chemical exposures.
  • The approach supports the development of targeted risk estimates and mitigation strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Incorporating cumulative approaches is crucial for accurate chemical risk assessment.
  • The demonstrated process can help the USEPA protect disproportionately burdened populations.
  • This methodology is a step towards closing the gap in environmental health inequities.