Multi-Component Intervention Program on Habitual Physical Activity Parameters and Cognitive Function in Patients with...

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Gerontology
• Public Health

Background:

• Age-related dementia presents a significant challenge in later life, characterized by cognitive decline impacting daily functioning.
• Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a high-risk stage for dementia, where early intervention can preserve cognitive abilities.
• Current interventions often focus on single modalities, necessitating exploration of combined approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the impact of a multi-component intervention (exercise plus cognitive training) on cognitive functions in MCI patients.
• To examine the association between this intervention and habitual physical activity parameters.
• To assess the efficacy of the intervention in improving cognitive performance and physical activity levels.

Main Methods:

• A 12-week intervention program combining exercise and cognitive training was implemented.
• Neuropsychological assessments, including K-MMSE, ADAS-Cog, cognitive assessment tools (attention, processing speed), and SGDS-K, were conducted at baseline and follow-up.
• Habitual physical activity was measured using parameters such as moderate to vigorous physical activity and step count.

Main Results:

• The multi-component intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive function compared to the control group.
• Key cognitive improvements were observed in global cognition (ADAS-Cog) and frontal cognition (trail-making test, digit symbol substitution test).
• Habitual physical activity parameters, including moderate to vigorous physical activity and step count, were positively affected by the intervention.

Conclusions:

• A 12-week multi-component intervention program is an effective strategy for dementia prevention in MCI patients.
• The intervention enhances both cognitive functions and habitual physical activity, contributing to overall well-being.
• Encouraging consistent physical activity is crucial for maximizing the benefits of exercise interventions for cognitive health.