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Determination of Urinary Mycotoxin Biomarkers Using a Sensitive Online Solid Phase Extraction-UHPLC-MS/MS Method.

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  • 1Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 45, 48149 Münster, Germany.

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|July 2, 2021
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Summary

A new online SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS method enables sensitive detection of 11 mycotoxins in human urine. This approach improves biomonitoring by offering higher sensitivity and efficiency compared to traditional methods for assessing mycotoxin exposure.

Keywords:
HPLC-MS/MSbiomonitoringmetabolitemycotoxinonline solid phase extractionurine

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Biomarker-based approaches are crucial for assessing human mycotoxin exposure.
  • Analytical challenges include low concentrations, complex matrices, diverse analytes, and large sample sizes.
  • Existing methods may lack the sensitivity or efficiency for comprehensive mycotoxin analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a sensitive, robust, and rapid analytical method for 11 mycotoxins and metabolites in human urine.
  • To improve the accuracy and efficiency of human biomonitoring for mycotoxin exposure.
  • To compare the performance of the new method against established techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an online solid phase extraction-ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (online SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS) method.
  • Analysis of aflatoxin M1, altenuene, alternariol monomethyl ether, alternariol, citrinin, dihydrocitrinone, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, α-zearalenol, and β-zearalenol.
  • Quantitation using stable isotope dilution and matrix calibrations, with method validation for accuracy, precision, and low detection limits.

Main Results:

  • The online SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS method achieved low detection limits (pg/mL) for 11 mycotoxins in human urine.
  • Fumonisn B1 was detected in all 50 Zimbabwean urine samples, with six other mycotoxin biomarkers also identified.
  • The new method identified a significantly higher number of positive samples compared to the dilute and shoot (DaS) approach.

Conclusions:

  • The developed online SPE-UHPLC-MS/MS method is sensitive, robust, and rapid for human urine mycotoxin analysis.
  • This method enhances human biomonitoring of mycotoxin exposure due to increased sensitivity and reduced sample handling.
  • The approach offers a valuable tool for public health assessments related to mycotoxin contamination.