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Digital PCR for Quantifying Circulating MicroRNAs in Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiovascular Disease
Published on: July 3, 2018
ABHD4-Regulating RNA Panel: Novel Biomarkers in Acute Coronary Syndrome Diagnosis
Sara H A Agwa1, Sherif Samir Elzahwy2, Mahmoud Shawky El Meteini3
1Clinical Pathology and Molecular Genomics Unit, Medical Ain Shams Research Institute (MASRI), Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11382, Egypt.
Insights
Novel RNA biomarkers, including ABHD4 mRNA and regulatory RNAs, show promise for early detection and severity assessment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This panel could significantly improve patient health outcomes by enabling timely intervention.
Area of Science:
- Biomarkers and Diagnostics
- Molecular Biology
- Cardiovascular Disease Research
Background:
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a leading global cause of mortality.
- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a critical subtype of ACS.
- Identifying reliable biomarkers for ACS is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the predictive capability of a specific RNA panel in acute coronary syndrome.
- To investigate the expression levels of ABHD4 mRNA and its epigenetic regulators in ACS patients.
Main Methods:
- In silico analysis identified key RNAs (ABHD4 mRNA, FENDRR lncRNA, miRNA-221, miRNA-197) linked to glycerophospholipid metabolism and ACS.
- Serum RNA expression was quantified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
- Expression levels were compared between 68 ACS patients, 21 non-cardiac chest pain patients, and 21 healthy volunteers.
Main Results:
- Significant downregulation of FENDRR lncRNA and miRNA-221-3p, and upregulation of ABHD4 mRNA and miRNA-197-5p were observed in ACS subtypes (Unstable Angina and STEMI) compared to controls.
- The ABHD4-regulating RNA panel demonstrated potential as predictive biomarkers for ACS.
- A significant association was found between the studied miRNAs, ABHD4 mRNA, and FENDRR lncRNA.
Conclusions:
- The ABHD4 mRNA-regulating RNA panel, based on predicted interactions, represents novel non-invasive biomarkers for early ACS detection.
- This RNA panel may aid in stratifying ACS severity, potentially improving patient health outcomes.
- Further research into these biomarkers could enhance cardiovascular disease management strategies.
Background:
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of death all over the world. STEMI represents a type of myocardial infarction with acute ST elevation. We aimed to assess the predictive power of potential RNA panel expression in acute coronary syndrome.
Method:
We used in silico data analysis to retrieve RNAs related to glycerophospholipid metabolism dysregulation and specific to ACS that results in the selection of Alpha/Beta hydrolase fold domain4 (ABHD4) mRNA and its epigenetic regulators (Foxf1 adjacent noncoding developmental regulatory RNA (FENDRR) lncRNA, miRNA-221, and miRNA-197). We assessed the expression of the serum RNA panel in 68 patients with ACS, 21 patients with chest pain due to non-cardiac causes, and 21 healthy volunteers by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results:
The study data showed significant down regulation in the expression of the serum levels of FENDRR lncRNA and miRNA-221-3p by 120-fold and 22-fold in Unstable angina (UA) in comparison with healthy volunteers, and by 8.6-fold and 2-fold in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients versus UA; concomitant upregulation in the expression of ABHD4 mRNA and miRNA-197-5p by 444-fold and 10-fold in UA compared with healthy volunteers, and by 1.54-fold and 4.5-fold in STEMI versus unstable angina. Performance characteristics analysis showed that the ABHD4-regulating RNA panel were potential biomarkers for prediction of ACS. Moreover, there was a significant association between the 2 miRNAs and ABHD4 mRNA and the regulating FENDRR lncRNA.
Conclusion:
Collectively, ABHD4 mRNA regulating RNA panel based on putative interactions seems to be novel non-invasive biomarkers that could detect ACS early and stratify severity of the condition that could improve health outcome.
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