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Microstructure-Weighted Connectomics in Multiple Sclerosis.

Sara Bosticardo1, Simona Schiavi1, Sabine Schaedelin2

  • 1Diffusion Imaging and Connectivity Estimation (DICE) Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Brain Connectivity
|July 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New graph theory methods reveal sensitive brain network changes in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Microstructure-based connectomes, unlike streamline counts, correlate with MS disability and neuroaxonal damage.

Keywords:
diffusion microstructuregraph theorymultiple sclerosisstructural connectivitytractographytractometry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Network Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Graph theory is used to study brain network alterations in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Traditional methods using streamline counts are not quantitative.
  • Microstructural measures offer a more quantitative approach to assess brain connectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate diffusion-based microstructural measures for assessing MS-related brain network properties.
  • To correlate these network properties with clinical disability and neuroaxonal damage in MS patients.
  • To compare the sensitivity of microstructural measures versus streamline counts in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Diffusion MRI data from 66 MS patients and 64 healthy controls.
  • Tractometry to average microstructural maps along reconstructed streamlines.
  • Graph theory metrics applied to microstructurally-weighted connectomes.

Main Results:

  • Graph metrics from intra-axonal microstructural connectomes were most sensitive to MS pathology and disability.
  • Extracellular diffusivity connectomes correlated with neurofilament light chain levels.
  • Streamline count (NOS) based network properties showed no significant correlation with MS impact.

Conclusions:

  • Tractometry-derived graph measures using microstructural components are sensitive to MS.
  • These metrics provide sensitive correlates of clinical and biological deterioration in MS patients.
  • Microstructure-weighted connectomes offer a more accurate assessment of MS pathophysiology than streamline counts.