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Detecting cancer cells with a highly sensitive LbL-based biosensor.

Abilene Rodrigues Correia1, Isabella Sampaio1, Edson José Comparetti1

  • 1GNano - Nanomedicine and Nanotoxicology Group, São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.

Talanta
|July 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel electrochemical biosensor offers a low-cost, sensitive method for early cancer detection. This layer-by-layer self-assembled device selectively identifies tumor cells using folic acid, paving the way for improved diagnostics.

Keywords:
Electrochemical biosensorFolic acidLayer-by-layer self-assemblyTumor cells detection

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Early cancer diagnosis significantly improves treatment efficacy and reduces mortality rates.
  • Current diagnostic methods like imaging are often expensive and inaccessible.
  • Biosensors offer a promising alternative for sensitive and cost-effective cancer biomarker detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a simple, low-cost electrochemical biosensor for the selective detection of tumor cells.
  • To utilize layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly for biosensor fabrication.
  • To assess the biosensor's sensitivity, selectivity, reproducibility, and repeatability for cancer cell detection.

Main Methods:

  • Indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes were modified using LbL self-assembly with polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and folic acid (FA).
  • The modified electrodes were used to detect cervical cancer cells (HeLa) via electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
  • Selectivity was tested against healthy cells (HMEC), and the interaction mechanism involving FA and folate receptors alpha (FRα) was investigated.

Main Results:

  • The LbL-based biosensor demonstrated high sensitivity for detecting HeLa cells, with detection limits of 4 cells/mL (EIS) and 19 cells/mL (CV).
  • Excellent reproducibility (RSD = 1.7%) and repeatability (RSD = 1.8%) were achieved.
  • The biosensor showed high selectivity, with minimal signal change upon interaction with healthy HMEC cells, confirming FA-mediated tumor cell detection.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LbL-based electrochemical biosensor provides a simple, accurate, and cost-effective platform for early cancer diagnosis.
  • The biosensor's ability to selectively detect tumor cells via folic acid interaction highlights its potential for clinical application.
  • This technology can overcome limitations of current diagnostic methods, improving accessibility and patient outcomes.