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Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells
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Isolating Central Nervous System Tissues and Associated Meninges for the Downstream Analysis of Immune cells

Published on: May 19, 2020

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Inflammatory Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Nikita Malani Shukla1, Timothy E Lotze1, Eyal Muscal2

  • 1Department of Neurology and Developmental Neuroscience, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, 6701 Fannin Street, Suite 1250, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Neurologic Clinics
|July 3, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric neuroinflammatory disorders present diversely, affecting the brain and nervous system. This review classifies and discusses acquired demyelinating diseases, immune-mediated epilepsies, rheumatologic CNS conditions, vasculitis, and neurodegenerative disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pediatric neuroinflammatory conditions encompass a broad spectrum of neurological disorders.
  • Clinical presentations vary widely, including focal deficits, encephalopathy, seizures, movement disorders, and psychiatric symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify and review pediatric neuroinflammatory conditions.
  • To discuss epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis for each disorder group.

Main Methods:

  • Classification based on clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and diagnostic findings.
  • Categorization into acquired demyelinating diseases, immune-mediated epilepsies/encephalopathies, primary rheumatologic conditions with CNS manifestations, CNS vasculitis, and neurodegenerative/genetic conditions with immune-mediated pathophysiology.

Main Results:

  • The article provides a comprehensive overview of these distinct categories of pediatric neuroinflammatory disorders.
  • Key aspects of each condition, including their unique characteristics and management strategies, are detailed.

Conclusions:

  • A structured approach to classifying pediatric neuroinflammatory conditions aids in understanding and managing these complex neurological challenges.
  • This review offers a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers in the field.

Keywords:
Pediatric autoimmune encephalitisPediatric demyelinating diseasePediatric neuroimmunologyPediatric neuroinflammatory diseases

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