Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 30, 2025
Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
Published on: March 1, 2015
Lessons from Gracilis Free Tissue Transfer for Facial Paralysis: Now versus 10 Years Ago
Matthew Q Miller1, Tessa A Hadlock1
1Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA, USA.
Abstract:
Outcomes following free gracilis muscle transfer have steadily improved during the past decade. Areas for continued improvement include re-creating natural smile vectors, improving midface symmetry, minimizing scarring, improving spontaneity, and increasing reliability using various neural sources. Outcome standardization, pooled data collection, and remote data acquisition methods will facilitate comparative effectiveness research and continued surgical advancements.
