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Gastrointestinal Sequelae 3 and 6 Months After Hospitalization for Coronavirus Disease 2019

Anam Rizvi1, Zankhesh Patel1, Yan Liu1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northwell Health System, New Hyde Park, New York.

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
|July 4, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in COVID-19 patients. The SARS-CoV-2 virus may cause these symptoms by targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptors in the gut.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are frequently observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • Prevalence rates for GI symptoms in COVID-19 range significantly, from 17.6% to 53% in reported studies.
  • The presence of GI symptoms can impact patient management and understanding of the disease spectrum.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms contributing to GI manifestations in COVID-19 patients.
  • To highlight the role of the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor in SARS-CoV-2 related GI issues.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies reporting GI symptoms in COVID-19.
  • Analysis of proposed pathogenetic mechanisms for GI involvement.
  • Examination of viral tropism and cellular receptor interactions within the GI tract.

Main Results:

  • A wide range of gastrointestinal symptom prevalence was confirmed in COVID-19 patients.
  • The angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor is identified as a key factor in the GI tract.
  • SARS-CoV-2 binding to ACE2 receptors in GI epithelial cells is the proposed mechanism for GI symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Gastrointestinal symptoms are a significant and common feature of COVID-19.
  • The ACE2 receptor in the gut plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 related GI symptoms.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the gastrointestinal system.

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