LGBTQ Older Adults in Long-Term Care Settings: An Integrative Review to Inform Best Practices

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Healthcare Disparities
• LGBTQ+ Studies

Background:

• Older adults in long-term care (LTC) settings often face unique challenges.
• Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) older adults may experience discrimination and invisibility within LTC facilities.
• There is a need to understand and address the specific needs of LGBTQ+ elders in long-term care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To synthesize existing literature on the experiences of LGBTQ+ older adults in LTC.
• To identify best practices for creating inclusive and affirming LTC environments.
• To provide recommendations for developing guidelines to improve care for LGBTQ+ elders.

Main Methods:

• An integrative literature review was conducted.
• Searched four electronic databases for studies published between 2000 and 2019.
• Analyzed twenty eligible studies focusing on LGBTQ+ older adults in LTC settings.

Main Results:

• LGBTQ+ individuals in LTC fear discrimination, leading to the concealment of their identities.
• Participants highlighted the need for enhanced staff training and the importance of community support.
• LTC staff reported varied experiences with inclusive practices and acknowledged deficits in their training.

Conclusions:

• LTC facilities should revise forms and policies to affirm all sexual orientations and gender identities.
• Comprehensive staff training is crucial for promoting equitable care.
• Implementing best practices is essential for ensuring the well-being of LGBTQ+ older adults in LTC.