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Healthy Snacks in School: How Do Regulations Work? A Mixed-Design Study.

Sophie Bucher Della Torre1, Sidonie Fabbi2, Isabelle Carrard3

  • 1Assistant Professor UAS, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, (sophie.bucher@hesge.ch), Geneva School of Health Sciences, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Rue des Caroubiers 25, Carouge, CH-1227, Switzerland.

The Journal of School Health
|July 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A regulation listing permitted foods and beverages in schools significantly improved children's snack quality. Teachers supported regulation but noted implementation challenges.

Keywords:
healthy eatingmixed-methods researchschool nutrition evaluationschool snacks

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Area of Science:

  • Child Nutrition
  • School Health Policy
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Schools are crucial for establishing healthy eating habits in children.
  • Previous interventions have explored various strategies to improve snack quality.
  • Understanding teacher perspectives is key to successful policy implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the impact of four different school snack regulations on nutritional quality.
  • To explore teachers' views on the implementation of these regulations, including barriers and facilitators.

Main Methods:

  • Nutritional quality of 1958 school snacks was assessed across four conditions: permitted food list, sweets ban, information-only, and no intervention.
  • Teacher opinions were gathered through five focus groups (18 participants) to understand implementation factors.

Main Results:

  • Schools with a permitted food list regulation had 76% healthy snacks, significantly higher than other conditions (52-54%).
  • These schools also showed a significant reduction in sweet food items (41% vs. 68-71%).
  • Teachers generally supported regulations but expressed some ambivalence regarding their legitimacy.

Conclusions:

  • A regulation based on a permitted food list is most effective for improving school snack nutritional quality.
  • Involving all stakeholders in a phased implementation process can enhance acceptance and success of school nutrition policies.