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Updated: Oct 29, 2025

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

Fast pulse shaping for a novel gated electron mirror.

Brannon B Klopfer¹, Stewart A Koppell¹, Adam J Bowman¹

¹Applied Physics Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|July 10, 2021

Summary

We developed a new method for precisely controlling electron mirrors using arbitrary pulse shapes. This technique significantly improves waveform accuracy, enabling advanced electron optics.

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Area of Science:

Electron optics
Waveform generation
Nonlinear systems

Background:

Precise control of electron optical components is crucial for advanced applications.
Existing methods for driving systems with unknown nonlinear characteristics often lack fidelity.
Arbitrary pulse shaping is essential for high-performance electronic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and prototype a switchable electron mirror.
To develop a general technique for driving the electron mirror with arbitrary pulse shapes.
To demonstrate high-fidelity waveform reproduction in a potentially nonlinear system.

Main Methods:

Utilized an arbitrary waveform generator for electronic pulse-shaping.
Employed a simple iterative algorithm to pre-compensate the driving pulse.
Tested the technique by driving a switchable electron mirror with a flat-top pulse.

Main Results:

Achieved an improvement in root-mean-square (rms) error of approximately two orders of magnitude compared to uncompensated waveforms.
Demonstrated the feasibility of high-fidelity waveform reproduction despite system nonidealities.
Validated the broad applicability of the arbitrary pulse shaping method.

Conclusions:

The developed technique enables high-fidelity arbitrary pulse shaping for systems with unknown nonlinearities.
The switchable electron mirror prototype and driving technique show promise for novel electron optical components.
This method offers a general solution for precise waveform control in complex electronic systems.