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Taurodontism in dental genetics
Manogari Chetty1,2, Imaan A Roomaney3,4, Peter Beighton3,4,5
1Department of Craniofacial Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa. drmchetty@mweb.co.za.
BDJ Open
|July 10, 2021
Summary
Taurodontism, a dental anomaly, was found in patients with genetic bone disorders like Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) in South Africa. This highlights the importance of recognizing taurodontism in dental care for patients with these syndromes.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Genetics
- Radiology
Background:
- Taurodontism is a dental anomaly characterized by enlarged pulp chambers in multirooted teeth.
- It can occur as an isolated trait or be associated with various genetic syndromes.
- Genetic bone disorders often present complex craniofacial manifestations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document the dental and craniofacial characteristics of individuals with genetic thin bone disorders in South Africa.
- To investigate the prevalence of taurodontism in patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), Pyle disease, and Torg-Winchester syndrome.
- To understand the clinical and molecular aspects of taurodontism in the context of genetic syndromes.
Main Methods:
- Clinical assessment of dental and craniofacial features.
- Radiographic evaluation of tooth and jaw morphology.
- Molecular analysis to identify genetic underpinnings.
Main Results:
- Taurodontism was identified in ten patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta type XI.
- The anomaly was also present in individuals diagnosed with Pyle disease and Torg-Winchester syndrome.
- The study assessed sixty-four individuals with OI, one with Pyle disease, and one with Torg-Winchester syndrome.
Conclusions:
- Taurodontism is associated with several genetic disorders, including specific types of Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Pyle disease, and Torg-Winchester syndrome.
- Dental practitioners must be aware of taurodontism in patients with genetic syndromes for proper management.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the incidence, etiology, and molecular pathways of taurodontism in relation to genetic syndromes.
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