Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation01:13

Functional Brain Systems: Reticular Formation

3.1K
The reticular formation is a complex network of gray and white matter located within the brainstem extending from the medulla to the midbrain.
Within the reticular formation, there are several distinct nuclei that can be classified into three broad categories. The Raphe nuclei are located along the midline of the brainstem. They are primarily known for their role in synthesizing and releasing serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in regulating mood, appetite, sleep, and circadian rhythms. The...
3.1K
Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

7.2K
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
7.2K
Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

1.3K
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
1.3K
Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II01:11

Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II

3.0K
Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...
3.0K
Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

4.6K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep brain...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Distinct roles of hippocampus and neocortex in symbolic compositional generalization.

Neuron·2026
Same author

Primary Brain Calcification Associated with a Novel XPR1 In-Frame Deletion: Clinical Characterization and Insights into Cerebellar and Basal Ganglia Contributions.

Cerebellum (London, England)·2026
Same author

Sex-specific differences in amygdala resting-state functional connectivity with trait anxiety.

Neuropsychology·2026
Same author

Estimating Interoceptive Sensitivity from Physiological Breathing Parameters.

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand·2026
Same author

Environmental uncertainty shapes human effort learning.

PLoS biology·2026
Same author

When breaking down helps you move forward: Pursuing complex goals.

Neuron·2026
Same journal

Decoding neuronal criticality firing patterns for large brain based EEG models.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Segmentation of the parasagittal dura mater on multi-center 3D-FLAIR MRI.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Spatial frequency channels implement a mental ruler in spatial vision.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Exploring the Link Between Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Measured Brain Diffusivity During Wakefulness and Sleep Macrostructure in the Elderly.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Closed-loop adaptation of transcranial magnetic stimulation intensity with electroencephalography feedback.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Volumetric postmortem MRI of the medial temporal lobe in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders: methodological advances and implications for in vivo biomarker development.

NeuroImage·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
07:13

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2020

6.8K

Structural and resting state functional connectivity beyond the cortex.

Olivia K Harrison1, Xavier Guell2, Miriam C Klein-Flügge3

  • 1School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, New Zealand; Translational Neuromodeling Unit, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom.

Neuroimage
|July 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neuroimaging advances now allow mapping of human brain connectivity beyond the cortex, focusing on subcortical structures like the amygdala and brainstem. This research explores these connections, offering recommendations for future studies.

Keywords:
AmygdalaBrainstemCerebellumConnectivitySpinal cord

More Related Videos

Resting-State Connectivity and Neuroimaging of Prefrontal Cortex Activity During a Block-Design Yoga Asana Practice Using fNIRS
07:56

Resting-State Connectivity and Neuroimaging of Prefrontal Cortex Activity During a Block-Design Yoga Asana Practice Using fNIRS

Published on: June 24, 2025

526
A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
08:23

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

11.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 29, 2025

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
07:13

Cerebral Blood Flow-Based Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Human Brain using Optical Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

Published on: May 27, 2020

6.8K
Resting-State Connectivity and Neuroimaging of Prefrontal Cortex Activity During a Block-Design Yoga Asana Practice Using fNIRS
07:56

Resting-State Connectivity and Neuroimaging of Prefrontal Cortex Activity During a Block-Design Yoga Asana Practice Using fNIRS

Published on: June 24, 2025

526
A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
08:23

A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy

Published on: November 13, 2016

11.4K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuroscience
  • Brain Connectivity

Background:

  • Human neuroimaging has historically focused on cortical structures.
  • Subcortical nuclei (amygdala, brainstem, cerebellum, spinal cord) are challenging to image non-invasively due to size and location.
  • Recent advancements in neuroimaging offer improved signal and resolution for studying these deep brain structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of the structural and functional connectivity of subcortical nuclei with the rest of the brain.
  • To highlight the potential of new neuroimaging techniques for exploring brain networks beyond the cortex.
  • To offer recommendations for overcoming current limitations in imaging and analyzing subcortical connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current non-invasive neuroimaging techniques.
  • Analysis of structural and functional connectivity data for key subcortical regions.
  • Discussion of technical challenges and potential solutions in subcortical neuroimaging.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of feasibility in mapping connectivity for amygdala, brainstem, cerebellum, and spinal cord.
  • Identification of key connections between subcortical structures and cortical/subcortical networks.
  • Acknowledgement of persistent limitations in current imaging and analytical methods.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive neuroimaging can now probe connectivity in previously inaccessible subcortical brain regions.
  • Further research and methodological development are needed to fully map human brain networks.
  • Understanding subcortical connectivity is crucial for a comprehensive view of central nervous system function.