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Primary open-angle glaucoma in 2 monozygotic twin pairs
J M Teikari1, P J Airaksinen, J Kaprio
1Department of Public Health Science, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Acta Ophthalmologica
|October 1, 1987
Summary
Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) concordance was observed in one monozygotic twin pair. The discordant twin pair revealed preglaucomatous signs, highlighting the need for co-twin screening.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
- Twin Studies
Background:
- Investigating the genetic and environmental factors contributing to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
- Utilizing monozygotic twins to explore disease concordance and discordance.
- Leveraging the Finnish Twin Cohort Study for genetic research.
Observation:
- Studied two monozygotic twin pairs discordant and concordant for POAG.
- Identified preglaucomatous signs (ocular hypertension) in the unaffected twin of a discordant pair.
- Conducted comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations, including RNFL photography and optic disc stereophotography.
Findings:
- One female monozygotic twin pair was concordant for POAG.
- The second female monozygotic twin pair was discordant for POAG, with one twin exhibiting ocular hypertension.
- While not permitting quantitative heritability analysis due to sample size, findings suggest a strong genetic predisposition.
Implications:
- Emphasizes the critical importance of thorough ophthalmologic examination for co-twins of individuals diagnosed with POAG.
- Suggests that even in discordant pairs, subclinical or preglaucomatous changes may be present.
- Highlights the value of twin studies in understanding complex diseases like glaucoma.