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3D face imaging with the spatial-temporal correlation method using a rotary speckle projector.

Pei Zhou, Jiangping Zhu, Wei Xiong

    Applied Optics
    |July 15, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A new rotary speckle projector (RSP) enables fast, high-precision 3D face data acquisition. This compact system balances accuracy and speed, proving effective even for dynamic facial expressions.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computer Vision and Image Processing
    • 3D Metrology

    Background:

    • High-precision 3D face data acquisition is crucial for various applications.
    • Existing speckle projectors often face limitations in speed, cost, or structural compactness.
    • Dynamic scenes present challenges for accurate 3D reconstruction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and manufacture a compact, cost-effective, and fast rotary speckle projector (RSP).
    • To develop a binocular 3D face imaging system utilizing the RSP for high-precision 3D face data acquisition.
    • To evaluate the system's performance in both static and dynamic 3D face imaging.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel rotary speckle projector (RSP) was designed using a simple speckle pattern and a carefully optimized rotation angle for the speckle mask.

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  • Temporally and spatially non-correlative speckle patterns were generated within the measurement volume.
  • A binocular stereo vision system was constructed, incorporating the RSP and two cameras.
  • A well-established spatial-temporal correlation method was employed to determine disparity from captured stereo speckle image pairs.

    • Main Results:

    • The RSP demonstrated high-speed projection capabilities and a compact structure, allowing a flexible balance between measurement accuracy and time cost.
    • Theoretical analysis, simulation, and experiments confirmed optimal rotation angles for ensuring 3D reconstruction accuracy.
    • Verification using a certified industrial 3D scanner validated the system's accuracy.
    • The system successfully acquired 3D face data in dynamic scenes with various expressions, demonstrating good performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed RSP offers a significant advancement in 3D face data acquisition systems.
    • The system provides a practical solution for high-precision, high-speed 3D face imaging, even in dynamic scenarios.
    • The RSP's design offers a valuable trade-off between measurement accuracy and acquisition time.