Promoting Oxygen Evolution by Deep Reconstruction via Dynamic Migration of Fluorine Anions

Promoting the reconstruction of electrocatalysts during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is generally regarded as a promising strategy for enhanced activity. F anions with strong electronegativity are predicted to enhance this transformation. Herein, a fluorine-anion doping route is proposed to convert the well-latticed NiMoO₄@MNF to amorphous F-NiMoO₄@MNF by a facile and versatile molten salt strategy. The well-defined nanorod arrays guarantee abundant exposed active sites, rapid mass transfer, and fast gas bubble release. Moreover, the emerged loose amorphous structure is conducive to the dynamic migration of F species and effective penetration of the electrolyte; therefore, the resulting exchange between F and hydroxide anions induces the formation of an active oxy(hydroxide) layer, thus finally optimizing the electronic structure and absorption/desorption energy on the surface of F-NiMoO₄@MNF. The boosted OER performance of reconstructed F-NiMoO₄@MNF is reliably confirmed by a low overpotential of 188 mV at 50 mA cm^-2, a small Tafel slope of 33.8 mV dec^-1, and favorable long-term stability. In addition, accelerated hydrogen evolution is observed, which is ascribed to the finely tuned electron distribution. This work would provide a new reconstruction route assisted by F-anion doping to the development of high-performance catalysts.