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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

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The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession,...
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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
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20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

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Low-noise Yb:CALGO optical frequency comb.

Lisa M Molteni, Francesco Canella, Federico Pirzio

    Optics Express
    |July 16, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a compact optical frequency comb using a Yb:CALGO laser system. This advanced laser technology provides excellent frequency stability and phase noise performance for precise measurements.

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    Area of Science:

    • Laser Physics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Optical frequency combs are crucial for high-precision measurements.
    • Developing compact and stable frequency combs is an ongoing research challenge.
    • Yb:CALGO lasers offer potential for low-noise femtosecond pulse generation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a compact optical frequency comb based on a diode-pumped Yb:CALGO amplified laser system.
    • To characterize the performance of the Yb:CALGO frequency comb.
    • To showcase the suitability of this comb for advanced applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a diode-pumped, low-noise femtosecond Ytterbium-doped Calcium Lithium Scandium Gallium Garnet (Yb:CALGO) amplified laser system.
    • Phase-locked both the carrier-envelope offset frequency and repetition rate to external reference synthesizers.
    • Performed comprehensive characterization including frequency stability, phase noise analysis, and optical beating measurements.

    Main Results:

    • The Yb:CALGO frequency comb operates across a broad wavelength range (670-1500 nm).
    • Achieved excellent frequency stability and low phase noise, confirmed by detailed analysis.
    • Optical beating measurements against a Nd:YAG laser validated the comb's performance.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Yb:CALGO laser system enables a compact and high-performance optical frequency comb.
    • The demonstrated comb exhibits excellent properties suitable for precision spectroscopy and metrology.
    • This work highlights the potential of Yb:CALGO gain medium for advanced photonic applications.