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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Rapid Manufacturing of Thin Soft Pneumatic Actuators and Robots
08:47

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Published on: November 8, 2019

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A pneumatic random-access memory for controlling soft robots.

Shane Hoang1, Konstantinos Karydis2, Philip Brisk3

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States of America.

Plos One
|July 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers developed a novel pneumatic memory system for soft robots. This air-based memory eliminates complex hardware, enabling more affordable and accessible soft robotic applications.

Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Microfluidics
  • Pneumatic Systems

Background:

  • Soft robots offer advantages in human-robot interaction due to their flexible bodies and gentle movements.
  • Current soft robot control relies on electromechanical hardware (solenoid valves), increasing cost, size, and power consumption.
  • This limits the widespread adoption of soft robots in various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel pneumatic memory system for controlling soft robotic actuators.
  • To eliminate the need for dedicated electromechanical hardware in soft robot control.
  • To enable more complex computational functions and reduce system complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Development of pneumatic logic circuits using normally-closed microfluidic valves as transistor-like elements.

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  • Implementation of an eight-bit nonvolatile random-access pneumatic memory (RAM).
  • Demonstration of pneumatic time division multiplexing (TDM) and analog-to-digital conversion for actuator control.

    • Main Results:

    • The pneumatic RAM successfully maintains the states of multiple soft robotic actuators without external electrical hardware.
    • The system demonstrated control of individual and multiple actuators simultaneously.
    • Proof-of-concept experiments showed soft robotic hands playing musical notes and chords on a piano keyboard.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed pneumatic memory significantly reduces the hardware requirements for controlling pneumatic soft robots.
    • This innovation can accelerate the deployment of soft robotic technologies in diverse application areas.
    • The system offers a cost-effective and scalable solution for complex soft robot actuation.