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Primary Sellar Abscesses: A Systematic Review and 2 Rare Observations
Alexey Nikolaevich Shkarubo1, Ilia Valerievich Chernov1, Igor Nikolaevich Pronin1
1N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russian Federation.
World Neurosurgery
|July 17, 2021
Summary
Primary abscesses of the chiasmatic-sellar region are exceptionally rare, with only 41 cases reported. Early diagnosis and transnasal endoscopic surgery are key to successful treatment outcomes for these rare brain abscesses.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Infectious Diseases
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Abscesses in the chiasmatic-sellar region are uncommon, often secondary to surgery, trauma, or tumors.
- Primary abscesses, resulting from internal microbial seeding, are exceedingly rare and infrequently reported in medical literature.
Observation:
- This report details two cases of primary chiasmatic-sellar region abscesses, one in a pediatric patient and another in an adult.
- A systematic literature review was performed to contextualize these rare findings, gathering existing clinical reports on this specific pathology.
Findings:
- A total of 41 primary abscesses of the chiasmatic-sellar region have been documented, with only 6 occurring in individuals under 18.
- Common symptoms include headaches, visual disturbances, and endocrine dysfunction, often without overt signs of acute inflammation.
- Transnasal endoscopic surgery demonstrated advantages in both diagnosis and treatment, leading to positive outcomes in the presented cases, despite one recurrence.
Implications:
- Accurate diagnostic methods are crucial for selecting the optimal treatment strategy.
- Effective management of these rare abscesses can lead to improved patient outcomes and prognosis.
