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Age-associated changes of T lymphocyte subsets.

R P Falcão1, S J Ismael, E A Donadi

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.

Diagnostic and Clinical Immunology
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in children show age-related increases in absolute numbers, particularly T3, T4, and T8 cells, while percentages remain similar to adults. Elderly individuals

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Geriatric Medicine

Background:

  • T lymphocytes play a crucial role in immune responses.
  • Understanding age-related changes in T lymphocyte subsets is vital for assessing immune function across the lifespan.
  • Previous studies have indicated potential variations in lymphocyte populations during early development and aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and compare the percentages and absolute numbers of T lymphocyte subsets (T3, T4, T6, T8, T10) in peripheral blood across different age groups: children, adults, and the elderly.
  • To identify age-specific patterns and significant differences in T lymphocyte populations.

Main Methods:

  • Peripheral blood samples were collected from 100 children (3 days–10 years), 29 adults (18–59 years), and 30 elderly individuals (60–98 years).
  • Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage and absolute counts of T3, T4, T6, T8, and T10 lymphocyte subsets.
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare the groups.

Main Results:

  • The percentage of T lymphocyte subsets and the T4/T8 ratio did not significantly differ between children, elderly individuals, and adults, with a notable exception of higher T4 lymphocyte proportion in neonates (3 days old).
  • Absolute counts of total lymphocytes, T3, and T8 lymphocytes were elevated in children up to 6 years.
  • Absolute counts of T4 lymphocytes increased up to 2 years, T6 lymphocytes from 1–2 years, and T10 lymphocytes up to 2 years in children.
  • No significant differences were observed in lymphocyte subsets between elderly individuals and adults.

Conclusions:

  • While T lymphocyte subset percentages are largely conserved across ages, absolute numbers exhibit significant developmental changes in childhood.
  • Absolute T lymphocyte counts in children demonstrate distinct patterns of increase related to specific age windows.
  • Immune profiles, specifically T lymphocyte subsets, appear stable between healthy adults and the elderly population.

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