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The keratoconus epithelium studied by SEM.

W L Jongebloed1, J F Worst

  • 1Centre for Medical Electronmicroscopy, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.

Documenta Ophthalmologica. Advances in Ophthalmology
|September 1, 1987
PubMed
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Scanning electron microscopy revealed significant epithelial cell degeneration in a keratoconus sample. This degeneration involved abnormal cells and extended several layers deep, impacting the corneal surface integrity.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomaterials Science

Background:

  • Keratoconus is a progressive corneal ectasia characterized by thinning and irregular protrusion.
  • Understanding the cellular mechanisms of keratoconus progression is crucial for developing effective treatments.
  • The corneal epithelium plays a vital role in maintaining corneal structure and function.

Observation:

  • A keratoconus tissue sample from an 18-year-old male was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
  • Special attention was given to the epithelial surface to identify cellular abnormalities.
  • A distinct degenerative band was observed in the vertical meridian of the cornea.

Findings:

  • The degenerative band exhibited areas with a complete absence or partial detachment of epithelial cells.

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  • Abnormal epithelial cells were identified, characterized by defective cell membranes lacking cellular contents.
  • Some abnormal cells possessed intact membranes but were anucleated, indicating significant cellular damage.
  • Stereoscopic SEM imaging revealed that epithelial cell degeneration penetrated several cell layers deep into the corneal epithelium.

    • Implications:

    • These findings highlight severe epithelial compromise in keratoconus, potentially contributing to disease progression.
    • The observed cellular defects may impact corneal biomechanics and optical clarity.
    • Further research into the mechanisms of epithelial cell degeneration in keratoconus could lead to novel therapeutic targets.