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Prevention of type 1 diabetes: where we are and where we are going

Giulio Frontino1, Salvatore Guercio Nuzio2, Andrea Scaramuzza3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.

Minerva Pediatrics
|July 21, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a growing global health concern in children. New prevention strategies and the approval of teplizumab for stage 2 T1D mark a significant advancement in managing this chronic condition.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a prevalent chronic childhood disease with increasing incidence worldwide.
  • T1D poses risks for severe acute and chronic complications.
  • Approximately 550,000 children globally live with T1D, with 86,000 new diagnoses annually.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current and future strategies for T1D prevention.
  • To discuss the challenges and limitations associated with T1D prevention.
  • To highlight the significance of emerging therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • This is a narrative review.
  • Literature search on T1D prevention and treatment.
  • Analysis of current epidemiological data and clinical trial outcomes.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of T1D in children is rising globally.
  • Teplizumab, an anti-CD3 antibody, is nearing approval for stage 2 T1D treatment.
  • The review explores various prevention strategies and their associated pitfalls.

Conclusions:

  • The landscape of T1D management is evolving with new prevention approaches.
  • The advent of teplizumab signifies a new era in T1D treatment, particularly for early-stage disease.
  • Continued research into T1D prevention and early intervention is crucial.

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