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Exsanguination From Superficial Lower Extremity Trauma.
Samuel P Prahlow1, Arad Abadi2, Joseph A Prahlow3
1From the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-South Georgia, Moultrie, GA.
The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
|July 22, 2021
Summary
Lethal bleeding can result from minor leg injuries, even superficial ones. Individuals with peripheral vascular disease or on anticoagulant therapy face increased risk of fatal exsanguination from such trauma.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Pathology
- Trauma Medicine
Background:
- Exsanguination deaths typically involve severe trauma to major blood vessels or organs.
- Superficial trauma is rarely associated with fatal hemorrhage.
Observation:
- Reported are two cases of death due to external hemorrhage from superficial lower extremity trauma.
- Case 1: A 78-year-old woman with a partial avulsion of her great toenail and profuse bleeding.
- Case 2: A 48-year-old male who died from extensive hemorrhage after a kick to the shin.
Findings:
- Lethal exsanguination can occur from seemingly minor, superficial traumatic injuries.
- Both deceased individuals had pre-existing peripheral vascular disease and were undergoing anticoagulant therapy.
Implications:
- Highlights the potential for fatal outcomes from superficial trauma in at-risk populations.
- Emphasizes the critical need to consider anticoagulant therapy and peripheral vascular disease in evaluating seemingly minor injuries.
- Suggests increased vigilance and potentially different management strategies for superficial leg trauma in patients with these risk factors.
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