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Primary congenital glaucoma surgery: outcomes and visual function.
Elena Gusson1, Francesca Chemello1, Rosa Longo2
1Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University Of Verona, Eye Clinic, P.le L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
International Ophthalmology
|July 23, 2021
Summary
Pediatric congenital glaucoma (PCG) outcomes vary by age at diagnosis, with infantile cases showing better visual acuity than neonatal ones. Early intervention and monitoring are crucial for managing vision impairment in children with PCG.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Medicine
- Genetics
Background:
- Pediatric congenital glaucoma (PCG) is a rare but severe form of childhood glaucoma.
- Long-term visual outcomes and predictive factors in PCG patients remain incompletely understood.
- Understanding visual development is critical for timely intervention and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate long-term visual outcomes in pediatric congenital glaucoma (PCG) patients.
- To develop visual acuity curves for predicting visual function development in PCG.
- To identify factors associated with vision decline in neonatal and infantile PCG subgroups.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric glaucoma patient records (1996-2017).
- Data collection included visual acuities, surgical history, PCG subtype, and etiology of vision impairment.
- Statistical analyses identified factors linked to vision decline.
Main Results:
- Sixty-seven eyes from 40 patients were analyzed.
- Infantile PCG demonstrated better visual outcomes than neonatal PCG.
- Key factors associated with vision impairment included age at onset, sex, surgeries, IOP control, axial length, and corneal opacities. Amblyopia was the primary cause of visual impairment.
Conclusions:
- Visual outcomes in PCG are strongly correlated with the age at diagnosis.
- Effective intraocular pressure (IOP) control is achievable, but visual acuity often remains suboptimal.
- Referral to specialized services is vital for addressing global developmental issues and preventing further vision impairment.
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