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RAAS, ACE2 and COVID-19; a mechanistic review

Ahmed Elshafei1, Emad Gamil Khidr1, Ahmed A El-Husseiny1

  • 1Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11231, Cairo, Egypt.

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
|July 26, 2021
PubMed

Keywords:
ACE1, angiotensin-converting enzyme 1ACE2ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2ACEIsACEIs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorsAEC-II, alveolar epithelial type II cellsARBsARBs, angiotensin receptor blockersAT1R, angiotensin type 1 receptorAT2R, angiotensin type 2 receptorAng 1-7, angiotensin 1-7Ang 1-9, angiotensin 1-9AngI, angiotensin IAngII, angiotensin IIAngiotensin 1–7Angiotensin IICOVID-19COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019CVD, cardiovascular diseaseERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinaseICU, intensive care unitMAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinaseNLRP3, (NOD, LRR, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3)RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systemTGF-β, transforming growth factor-betamiR-21, microRNA-21

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