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Artificial intelligence in myopia: current and future trends.

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  • 1Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore Eye Research Institute.

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Artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions for myopia management, aiding in early detection and personalized treatment. AI, including machine learning and deep learning, is advancing myopia prediction and diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Informatics
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment with increasing global prevalence.
  • Current healthcare systems face challenges in managing the growing burden of myopia.
  • Digital technologies, specifically artificial intelligence (AI), are emerging as key tools for myopia management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current applications and potential of AI in myopia management.
  • To explore the role of AI in early detection, prediction, and personalized treatment of myopia.
  • To highlight the future directions of AI research in addressing the global myopia epidemic.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current AI domains in myopia: machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), genetics, and natural language processing (NLP).
  • Analysis of AI applications in myopia prediction, biometry, and diagnostic imaging.
  • Assessment of AI's nascent role in myopia genomics and NLP.

Main Results:

  • Machine learning (ML) shows utility in myopia prediction and biometry for cataract surgery.
  • Deep learning (DL) techniques, particularly convolutional neural networks, are applied to image-based myopia diagnostics and predictions.
  • AI applications in myopia genetics and NLP are currently in early developmental stages.

Conclusions:

  • Current AI research in myopia primarily focuses on disease classification and prediction.
  • Future AI development will integrate diverse parameters like genomics and environmental factors for enhanced big data analysis.
  • AI is poised to enable generalizable deep learning (DL) systems for predictive and personalized precision medicine in myopia care.