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An Analysis of Tracheostomy Complications in Pediatric Patients With Scoliosis

Swathi Appachi1,2,3, Jessie Marcet-Gonzalez1, Jennifer N Brown1

  • 1Pediatric Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, U.S.A.

The Laryngoscope
|July 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric patients with scoliosis requiring tracheostomy face higher complication rates, including poor tube positioning and lower decannulation success. Further research is needed to understand the link between scoliosis and these tracheostomy issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Scoliosis is a spinal deformity that can necessitate tracheostomy in pediatric patients.
  • Tracheostomy in this population may be associated with unique challenges and complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence and types of tracheostomy-related complications in pediatric patients with scoliosis.
  • To identify factors influencing these complications and assess decannulation rates.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective chart review was conducted on pediatric patients with both scoliosis and tracheostomy.
  • Data collected included tracheostomy tube issues, positioning, tracheal abnormalities, emergency visits, and decannulation status.

Main Results:

  • Of 102 patients, 30.3% experienced emergency room visits or admissions for complications like accidental decannulation or bleeding.
  • 18.6% required tube changes due to poor positioning, and 34.3% had tracheal abnormalities (e.g., tortuosity, granulomas).
  • Overall decannulation rate was 9.8%, lower than reported in general pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric patients with scoliosis and tracheostomy often present with tracheal anatomical abnormalities and poor tube positioning.
  • Decannulation rates in this cohort appear lower, suggesting potential scoliosis-related predispositions to tracheostomy complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pediatriccomplicationsscoliosistracheotomy

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