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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis
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Published on: October 4, 2024

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Frequency-Specific Alterations in Brain Function in Patients with Primary Dysmenorrhea.

Siyi Yu1,2, Jing Xu1, Zhifu Shen3

  • 1Acupuncture and Brain Science Research Center, Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.

Pain Medicine (Malden, Mass.)
|July 27, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) shows altered brain function, particularly in specific brain networks and the hippocampus. The second somatosensory area (S2) is identified as a potential therapeutic target for PDM.

Keywords:
Chronic PainFrequency-SpecificFunctional Connectivity DensityPrimary DysmenorrheaResting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
  • Brain Networks

Background:

  • Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is associated with abnormal brain function.
  • Understanding the specific brain alterations in PDM is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate frequency-specific brain alterations in patients with PDM.
  • To explore the occurrence and clinical significance of these alterations.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state fMRI was used in 47 PDM patients and 36 controls.
  • Functional connectivity density (FCD) was assessed across different frequency bands (Slow5, Slow4, Slow3, full low frequency).
  • Mediation analysis explored FCD-mediated clinical relationships.

Main Results:

  • Frequency-specific FCD alterations were found in PDM, particularly in the central executive, default mode, and sensorimotor networks, and the hippocampus.
  • Altered FCD in the hippocampus correlated with disease duration and pain severity.
  • Altered Slow5 FCD in the second somatosensory area (S2) correlated with pain severity and mediated the relationship between disease duration and pain.

Conclusions:

  • This study identified frequency-specific FCD alterations in PDM.
  • The S2 area emerges as a potential therapeutic target for PDM management.