Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models01:06

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Distributed Parameter Models

151
Pharmacokinetic models are mathematical constructs that represent and predict the time course of drug concentrations in the body, providing meaningful pharmacokinetic parameters. These models are categorized into compartment, physiological, and distributed parameter models.
The distributed parameter models are specifically designed to account for variations and differences in some drug classes. This model is particularly useful for assessing regional concentrations of anticancer or...
151
Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis00:59

Model-Independent Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Noncompartmental Analysis

156
Noncompartmental analyses offer an alternative method for describing drug pharmacokinetics without relying on a specific compartmental model. In this approach, the drug's pharmacokinetics are assumed to be linear, with the terminal phase log-linear. This assumption allows for simplified analysis and interpretation of the drug's behavior in the body.
One important characteristic of noncompartmental analyses is that drug exposure increases proportionally with increasing doses. This...
156
Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview01:20

Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview

1.4K
Pharmacokinetic models utilize mathematical analysis to achieve a detailed quantitative understanding of a drug's life cycle within the body. They are instrumental in simulating a drug's pharmacokinetic parameters, predicting drug concentrations over time, optimizing dosage regimens, linking concentrations with pharmacologic activity, and estimating potential toxicity.
There are three primary types of models: empirical, compartment, and physiological. Empirical models, with minimal...
1.4K
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models01:14

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

279
Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...
279
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion01:26

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion

179
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
179
Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches01:14

Analysis Methods of Pharmacokinetic Data: Model and Model-Independent Approaches

275
Drug disposition in the body is a complex process and can be studied using two major approaches: the model and the model-independent approaches.
The model approach uses mathematical models to describe changes in drug concentration over time. Pharmacokinetic models help characterize drug behavior in patients, predict drug concentration in the body fluids, calculate optimum dosage regimens, and evaluate the risk of toxicity. However, ensuring that the model fits the experimental data accurately...
275

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

FAQs About Pharmacist Management of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections.

The Annals of pharmacotherapy·2026
Same author

Frequently asked questions (FAQs) on pharmacists' standard of care (SOC) regulation.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same author

Pharmacist provider status in Medicaid: A state health director's perspective on policy and practice.

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA·2025
Same author

The MPJE at a Crossroads: Is the Uniform Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Examination Even Necessary?

The Annals of pharmacotherapy·2025
Same author

State Variation in Uptake of Pharmacy-Based CLIA-Waived Testing: Impact of Laws and Regulations.

The Journal of pharmacy technology : jPT : official publication of the Association of Pharmacy Technicians·2024
Same author

Tiered Licensure for Pharmacy Technicians: Is the Advanced Pharmacy Technician (APhT) License the Model for State Regulators?

The Journal of pharmacy technology : jPT : official publication of the Association of Pharmacy Technicians·2024
Same journal

Do medication adherence trajectories predict clinical endpoints in a cohort with HIV and chronic comorbidities?

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same journal

Mapping global evidence on pharmacy-based colorectal cancer screening initiatives in community settings: A scoping review.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same journal

Effectiveness of a pharmacist-led protocol to manage cystitis in women, in France: the PharmaCyst' open-label, multicenter, randomized, controlled, cluster study.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same journal

Factors associated with successful integration of pharmacists into residential aged care teams: A qualitative study.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same journal

Automating the roter interaction analysis system for medication counseling: A transformer-based deep learning approach with generative AI-augmented data.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
Same journal

Effect of a collaborative intervention by pharmacists and dentists on smoking cessation.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
05:10

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

9.9K

Pathways to pharmacist prescriptive authority: Do decentralized models for expanded prescribing work?

Alex J Adams1, Timothy P Frost2

  • 1Idaho Division of Financial Management, 4537 N Molly Way, Meridian, ID, 83646, USA.

Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy : RSAP
|July 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Decentralized state-level approaches can expand pharmacist prescribing authority. The board of pharmacy and pharmacist-determined models show success in enabling broader pharmacist prescriptive authority.

Keywords:
Pharmacist prescribingPharmacist provider statusScope of practice

More Related Videos

Pharmacophore Modeling for Targets with Extensive Ligand Libraries: A Case Study on SARS-CoV-2 Mpro
05:50

Pharmacophore Modeling for Targets with Extensive Ligand Libraries: A Case Study on SARS-CoV-2 Mpro

Published on: September 26, 2025

287
Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models
07:56

Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models

Published on: November 11, 2020

4.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System
05:10

Drug Repurposing Hypothesis Generation Using the "RE:fine Drugs" System

Published on: December 11, 2016

9.9K
Pharmacophore Modeling for Targets with Extensive Ligand Libraries: A Case Study on SARS-CoV-2 Mpro
05:50

Pharmacophore Modeling for Targets with Extensive Ligand Libraries: A Case Study on SARS-CoV-2 Mpro

Published on: September 26, 2025

287
Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models
07:56

Evaluating Regional Pulmonary Deposition using Patient-Specific 3D Printed Lung Models

Published on: November 11, 2020

4.5K

Area of Science:

  • Health Policy
  • Pharmacy Practice
  • Public Health

Background:

  • State-level scope of practice decisions, particularly regarding pharmacist independent prescriptive authority, are frequently debated.
  • Five states (Florida, New Mexico, Colorado, Idaho, Oregon) have implemented decentralized structures to potentially expand pharmacist prescribing authority.
  • These decentralized approaches aim to expedite the expansion of pharmacist prescribing to meet public health needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze decentralized models for expanding pharmacist independent prescriptive authority.
  • To identify which of these models have been most effective in practice.
  • To inform stakeholders considering similar legislation.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and categorization of four distinct decentralized models for pharmacist prescribing.
  • Evaluation of the restrictiveness and practical application of each model.
  • Assessment of the success of these models in enabling broad pharmacist prescribing.

Main Results:

  • Four models were identified: medical veto, interdisciplinary committee, board of pharmacy, and pharmacist-determined, ordered from most to least restrictive.
  • These models primarily focus on postdiagnostic and preventive care.
  • Only the board of pharmacy and pharmacist-determined models have proven successful in enabling broad pharmacist prescribing.

Conclusions:

  • Decentralized models offer a pathway to expand pharmacist prescriptive authority more rapidly than legislative action.
  • The board of pharmacy and pharmacist-determined models are most effective for broad expansion of pharmacist prescribing.
  • Stakeholders should consider the success of these decentralized models when developing new legislation.