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Ocular Disorders among Preschool Children in Southwest Nigeria

Olubusayo O Adejumo1, Bolutife A Olusanya2, Benedictus G Ajayi1

  • 1Eleta Eye Institute, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 29, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Ocular disorders affect 6.3% of preschool children, with refractive errors being the most common. Early vision screening is crucial for detecting and treating these conditions to support learning.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Early detection of visual impairments in children is critical for development.
  • Preschool years are a key period for identifying and addressing ocular conditions that could impact learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and causes of ocular disorders in preschool-aged children.
  • To highlight the importance of vision screening in early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-stage random sampling method was employed, screening 560 children aged 3-5 years.
  • Comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations, including cycloplegic autorefraction, were performed.
  • Data on demographics and relevant factors were collected.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of ocular disorders was 6.3%, affecting 35 children.
  • Refractive errors were the most common disorder (3.9%), followed by allergic conjunctivitis (1.3%).
  • Other identified disorders included strabismus, congenital cataract, and ptosis, with no significant difference by age or gender.

Conclusions:

  • Vision screening effectively identifies ocular disorders in preschool children.
  • Uncorrected refractive error, a leading cause, is treatable and early intervention can prevent learning interference.
  • Regular preschool vision screening is recommended to mitigate the impact of visual impairments.
Abstract

Keywords:
Nigeriaocular disorderpreschool childrenvision screening

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