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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Scale-up Chemical Synthesis of Thermally-activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on the Dibenzothiophene-S,S-Dioxide Core
Published on: October 24, 2017
Multichromophore Molecular Design for Thermally Activated Delayed-Fluorescence Emitters with Near-Unity
Dongyang Chen1, Yu Kusakabe2, Yongxia Ren2
1Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, U.K.
Abstract:
Three multichromophore thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules, -di2CzPN, -di2CzPN, and 1,3,5-tri2CzPN, were synthesized and characterized. These molecules were designed by connecting the TADF moiety 4,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phthalonitrile (2CzPN) to different positions of a central benzene ring scaffold. Three highly soluble emitters all exhibited near-quantitative photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦPL) in toluene. High ΦPLs were also achieved in doped films, 59 and 70% for -di2CzPN and -di2CzPN in 10 wt % DPEPO doped film, respectively, and 54% for 1,3,5-tri2CzPN in 20 wt % doped CBP films. The rate constant of reverse intersystem crossing (kRISC) for -di2CzPN and -di2CzPN in DPEPO films reached 1.1 × 105 and 0.7 × 105 s-1, respectively, and kRISC for 1,3,5-tri2CzPN in the CBP film reached 1.7 × 105 s-1. A solution-processed organic light-emitting diode based on 1,3,5-tri2CzPN exhibited a sky-blue emission with CIE coordinates of (0.22, 0.44) and achieved a maximum external quantum efficiency of 7.1%.
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