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Comprehensive Development in Organ-On-A-Chip Technology.

X Joseph1, V Akhil1, A Arathi1

  • 1Toxicology Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (Govt. of India), Poojapura, Trivandrum 695012, Kerala, India.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|July 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Organ-on-a-chip technology revolutionizes drug development by offering advanced in vitro models for absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME), and toxicity assessments, improving preclinical safety evaluations.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Conventional in vitro tests for drug evaluation are being replaced by advanced organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technology.
  • There is a growing need for accurate predictive models to assess drug toxicity and mitigate risks in drug development.
  • OOC technology offers a contemporary in vitro model for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the development and applications of organ-on-a-chip technology in drug development.
  • To highlight the advantages of OOC models over traditional 2D culture systems.
  • To discuss the use of OOCs in toxicity evaluation and efficacy studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of organ-on-a-chip technology advancements.
Keywords:
Disease modellingMicrofluidicsOrgan-on-a-chipPrecision medicineToxicity

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  • Analysis of various OOC models and their configurations.
  • Examination of OOC applications in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME), and toxicity assessments.
  • Main Results:

    • OOC technology provides a platform mimicking human physiological functions with precise flow control and rapid sample processing.
    • Multi-organ-on-a-chip systems offer insights into time- and dose-dependent drug effects.
    • OOCs represent a significant advancement over conventional 2D cell cultures for preclinical drug testing.

    Conclusions:

    • Organ-on-a-chip technology is a transformative tool for preclinical drug development, enhancing ADME and toxicity evaluations.
    • The integration of OOCs in drug discovery pipelines promises more accurate predictions of drug safety and efficacy.
    • Continued development of OOCs is crucial for advancing personalized medicine and reducing reliance on animal testing.