Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.3K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.3K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

10.1K
Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
10.1K
Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

2.6K
2.6K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

56.6K
The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
56.6K
Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

5.2K
5.2K
Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

5.1K
Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
5.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ssHiCstuff: a package for the design and analysis of ssDNA-specific Hi-C experiments.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)·2026
Same author

Condensin loop extrusion properties, roadblocks, and role in homology search during recombination in S. cerevisiae.

The EMBO journal·2026
Same author

Spatial controls of homology search.

Current opinion in genetics & development·2026
Same author

Genome-wide modeling of DNA replication in space and time confirms the emergence of replication specific patterns in vivo in eukaryotes.

Genome biology·2025
Same author

Donor transcription suppresses D-loops in cis and promotes genome stability.

The EMBO journal·2025
Same author

Sequence-dependent activity and compartmentalization of foreign DNA in a eukaryotic nucleus.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy
11:40

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy

Published on: June 25, 2013

12.3K

Recombination-mediated genome rearrangements.

Jérôme Savocco1, Aurèle Piazza1

  • 1Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard, CNRS UMR5239, Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule, Lyon, France.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
|July 29, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Homologous recombination (HR) repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) but can cause genome structural variations (SVs). Recent advances reveal HR vulnerabilities and fidelity factors, including extrachromosomal DNA roles.

More Related Videos

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

16.7K
Quantitation and Analysis of the Formation of HO-Endonuclease Stimulated Chromosomal Translocations by Single-Strand Annealing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
09:40

Quantitation and Analysis of the Formation of HO-Endonuclease Stimulated Chromosomal Translocations by Single-Strand Annealing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 23, 2011

14.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy
11:40

Preparation of the Mgm101 Recombination Protein by MBP-based Tagging Strategy

Published on: June 25, 2013

12.3K
Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
09:02

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

Published on: January 8, 2015

16.7K
Quantitation and Analysis of the Formation of HO-Endonuclease Stimulated Chromosomal Translocations by Single-Strand Annealing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
09:40

Quantitation and Analysis of the Formation of HO-Endonuclease Stimulated Chromosomal Translocations by Single-Strand Annealing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: September 23, 2011

14.8K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Homologous recombination (HR) is a critical DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway.
  • HR utilizes intact DNA as a template, involving homology search and strand invasion by proteins like Rad51.
  • While high-fidelity, HR can lead to structural variations (SVs) due to repetitive DNA elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding HR vulnerabilities that lead to SVs.
  • To discuss fidelity-enforcing factors that regulate HR pathway balance.
  • To highlight the role of extrachromosomal DNA in HR-mediated rearrangements.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on homologous recombination.
  • Analysis of genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying HR-mediated SVs.
  • Focus on fidelity factors and extrachromosomal DNA in chromosomal rearrangements.

Main Results:

  • HR pathway vulnerabilities can be exploited, leading to potentially pathological genome alterations.
  • Multiple fidelity-enforcing factors operate at various scales to ensure HR pathway accuracy.
  • Extrachromosomal DNAs are both products and substrates of HR, contributing to chromosomal rearrangements.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding HR vulnerabilities and fidelity mechanisms is crucial for comprehending genome stability.
  • HR plays a complex role in maintaining genome integrity while also being a source of structural variation.
  • Extrachromosomal DNA dynamics are integral to HR-mediated genomic alterations.