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Related Concept Videos

Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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The RNA regulatory programs that govern lymphocyte development and function.

Manuel D Diaz-Muñoz1, Ines C Osma-Garcia1

  • 1Toulouse Institute for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Inserm UMR1291, CNRS UMR5051, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|July 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) dynamically regulate lymphocyte gene expression for immunity. These RBPs control RNA fate, shaping immune cell function and potentially revealing a hidden immune cell epitranscriptome.

Keywords:
RNARNA binding proteins (RBPs)RNA regulonsgerminal centersimmunitylymphocytespost-transcriptional gene regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Lymphocytes need dynamic transcriptome changes for activation and pathogen defense.
  • RNA binding proteins (RBPs) control messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis and translation.
  • RBPs influence immune cell development and immunity through RNA regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review how RBP-dependent RNA regulation shapes the immune system.
  • To discuss the concept of a hidden immune cell epitranscriptome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current knowledge on RBPs and RNA regulation in immunity.
  • Discussion of recent methodologies for global protein:RNA interaction characterization.

Main Results:

  • RBPs quantitatively and qualitatively control mRNA fate (editing, location, stability, translation).
  • RBPs form complex regulatory networks coordinating RNA molecules.
  • RNA can scaffold proteins, modulating their function.

Conclusions:

  • RBP-mediated RNA regulation is crucial for immune system function.
  • The immune cell epitranscriptome represents a significant area for future research.