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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Metasurfaces enable light manipulation via subwavelength structures.
    • Conventional metasurfaces lack dynamic wavefront control, limiting applications.
    • Varifocal optics are crucial for advanced imaging systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and fabricate 3D doublet metalenses with tunable focal length.
    • To achieve dynamic wavefront shaping using metasurface rotation.
    • To explore Moiré-inspired designs for varifocal metalenses.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of 3D doublet metalenses composed of two all-dielectric metasurfaces.
    • Utilizing mutual rotation of metasurface elements for phase control.
    • Designing unit cells with nanopillar and phase plate structures for 1500 nm wavelength.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated tunable focal length metalenses through element rotation.
    • Achieved dynamic wavefront shaping, converting plane waves to spherical waves.
    • Focal length was shown to be dependent on the rotational angle.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed Moiré-inspired metalens design enables dynamic focal length adjustment.
    • This technology offers a pathway for advanced optical components.
    • Potential applications include zoom lenses, microscopy, and augmented reality systems.